Relationship between sensory analysis and near infrared spectroscopy in Australian Riesling and Chardonnay wines [An article from: Analytica Chimica A

About Relationship between sensory analysis and near infrared spectroscopy in Australian Riesling and Chardonnay wines [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta] detail

• Published on: 2005-05-10
• Format: HTML
• Binding: Digital

Relationship between sensory analysis and near infrared spectroscopy in Australian Riesling and Chardonnay wines [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta] Description

This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between sensory analysis and visible and near infrared spectroscopy in two Australian white wine varieties (namely unwooded Chardonnay and Riesling). A total of 120 samples (2 varietiesx3 replicatesx20 commercial labels) were scanned in transmission mode in the visible and near infrared range (400-2500nm). For the purposes of this study four aroma descriptors generated from a sensory descriptive analysis study: estery, honey, passionfruit, lemon-citrus and two palate properties:overall flavour and sweetness were selected for investigation. Calibration models between sensory properties and spectra were developed using partial least squares regression (PLS1 and PLS2) with cross validation. The correlation coefficients (R"c"a"l) were greater than 0.70 for estery, lemon and honey, and less than 0.50 for passionfruit, overall flavour and sweetness in both calibration and cross validation. Therefore, this work demonstrates that some relationships between sensory data and both visible and near infrared spectra exists to assess sensory properties in the white wine varieties. Further work will be carried out with a larger set of data including additional sensory properties in different white wine varieties in order to validate the method.

McGraw-Hill Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

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McGraw-Hill Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests Critical testing information and key clinical protocols in the palm of your hand McGraw-Hill's Manual of Laboratory & Diagnostic Tests focuses specifically on what you need to know to understand the test, educate the patient, and provide safe, effective care before, during, and after the test. In addition, this easy-to-use clinical companion is the only text to actively incorporate evidence-based practice features throughout, both in test monographs and appendices-a major advantage that enhances your ability to apply the book's content to your daily practice. Features: A cohesive 5-part organization covering the full range of laboratory tests, diagnostic tests, laboratory/diagnostic assessments of body function, education, and screening Time-saving alphabetical organization of tests with handy thumb tabs Full-color icons that highlight the organization of each test, and clearly identify important features throughout Skill-sharpening references to national guidelines, including JCAHO Full coverage of clinical interventions/implications Essential insights into the possible meanings of abnormal values and contraindications Key references that pertain to evidence-based practice Timely appendix on the increasing use of evidence-based practice Critical patient teaching information

Handbook of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests (6th Edition)

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Handbook of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests (6th Edition) Organized alphabetically by tests, this reference pocket guide provides easy access to information on more than 500 laboratory and diagnostic tests. It has an emphasis on reference values and normal findings, descriptions, purposes, procedures, clinical problems and drug affects, factors affecting tests results, nursing implications and client teaching. New to the 6th edition are: 30 new laboratory and diagnostic tests, such as antisperm antibody test, breast cancer genetic testing, and endoscopic ultrasound; Updated data for HIV tests such as glucose results, Cardiac catheterization tests, mammography tests, and nuclear scan tests; updated Health Problems with Laboratory and Diagnostic tests presenting 40 frequently identified health problems; and updated screening and tests, including nurse's function in educating and testing school children.

Nurse's Quick Reference to Common Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests (Nurses Quick Reference to Common Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests)

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Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference

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Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference Access the clinically relevant information you need easily in any setting with Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference, Ninth Edition. This best-selling handbook provides concise coverage of tests without sacrificing important details. Each test entry includes, where relevant, alternate or abbreviated test names; type of test; normal findings; possible critical values; test explanation and related physiology; contraindications; potential complications; interfering factors; procedure and patient care (before, during, and after); and abnormal findings. Related tests are extensively cross-referenced throughout the book. With its simple format and portable size, this is a handy reference you'll always want by your side. Tests are organized alphabetically with A-to-Z thumb tabs for quick reference. UNIQUE! Each test entry begins on a new page, making tests easy to find. Normal findings for adult (male and female), elderly, and pediatric patients are included where applicable to provide complete clinical data. Possible critical values are highlighted to alert you to situations requiring immediate intervention. Symbol next to drug-related interfering factors alerts you to the effects of pharmacologic agents on tests. Increased and decreased abnormal findings are highlighted with directional arrows. Icon for patient teaching-related care indicates information to share with patients and their families. UNIQUE! Each test concludes with a "Notes" section where you can add your own information. User's Guide to Test Preparation and Performance provides an overview and guidelines for each type of laboratory test and diagnostic procedure to ensure safety and accuracy. Lists of tests by body system and test type allow you to quickly locate related studies. Abbreviations for tests are listed on the end papers, and symbols and units of measurement are listed in an appendix. UNIQUE! Durable cover with round edges helps prevent the book from being damaged and makes it easier to handle. Over 40 NEW tests, including CT of the Heart, Intravascular Ultrasound, Newborn Metabolic Screening, and Platelet Closure Time, present the latest information on diagnostic and laboratory testing.

Saunders Nursing Guide to Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

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Saunders Nursing Guide to Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests This complete lab book contains the latest information on testing organized alphabetically for quick reference. It is both student-friendly and a great resource for practicing nurses. Normal values for lab tests are given in standard and SI units, and Test Result Indications sections list the possible clinical significance of abnormal findings. Tests are presented in a format that emphasizes the nurse’s role, and includes Basics the Nurse Needs to Know and Nursing Care. The clinical purpose of each test is identified, and how each test is performed is clearly explained. A pronunciation guide for the name of each test helps with difficult terminology. * A focus on nursing explains how lab tests are used in nursing care. * Alphabetical organization makes every test easy to find. * Pronunciation guides for test names help students with difficult terminology. * "Purpose of the Test" sections identify the indications of each test. * "Basics the Nurse Needs to Know" offers an explanation of each test in clear, simple language. * Normal Values in standard and SI units include variations for gender and age, where relevant. * Critical Values are highlighted with the Normal Values, where relevant. * "How the Test is Done" sections succinctly describe how each test is performed. * "Significance of Test Results" sections list the diseases and disorders that are associated with abnormal findings. * "Interfering Factors" sections list of the factors—such as drugs, herbs, and improper specimen collection and handling—that inadvertently affect test results. * "Nursing Care" sections

Mosby's Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests

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Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests with Nursing Implications (7th Edition) (LABORATORY & DIAGNOSTIC TESTS W/ NURSING IMPLICATIONS (KEE))

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Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests with Nursing Implications (7th Edition) (LABORATORY & DIAGNOSTIC TESTS W/ NURSING IMPLICATIONS (KEE)) Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests with Nursing Implications is designed to provide readers with the necessary information regarding laboratory and diagnostic tests and corresponding nursing implications. It gives quick, pertinent information about the tests, emphasizing the purposes, procedure and nursing implications with rationale. Laboratory Tests in alphabetical order. Diagnostic Tests in alphabetical order. Laboratory/Diagnostic Assessments of Body Function including 12 categories related to organ system and clinical conditions; each category contains numerous laboratory and diagnostic tests ordered to assist in the diagnosis of disease entities and to determine organ function. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM); the TDM section includes 120 drugs and their therapeutic range, peak time, and toxic level. School Nurse’s Functions: Screening and Testing covers suggested assessment tools for the school nurse. Nursing Students and Professionals. For registered nurses, and licensed practical nurses in hospital settings, including specialty areas such as the ICU, emergency rooms, clinics, health care provider offices, and independent nursing practices.

Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures with Nursing Diagnoses (7th Edition) (LABORATORY & DIAGNOSTIC TESTS WITH NURSING DIAGNOSES (CORBETT))

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Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests (8th Edition) (LABORATORY & DIAGNOSTIC TESTS W/ NURSING IMPLICATIONS (KEE))

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Davis's Comprehensive Handbook of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests with Nursing Implications, 3rd Edition (DavisPlus)

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Multiplexing fibre optic near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as an emerging technology to monitor industrial bioprocesses [An article from: Analytica Chi

About Multiplexing fibre optic near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as an emerging technology to monitor industrial bioprocesses [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta] detail

• Published on: 2007-05-02
• Format: HTML
• Binding: Digital
• 7 pages

Product Description

This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
The application of near infrared spectroscopy in bioprocessing has been limited by its dependence on calibrations derived from single bioreactor at a given time. Here, we propose a multiplexed calibration technique which allows calibrations to be built from multiple bioreactors run in parallel. This gives the flexibility to monitor multiple vessels and facilitates calibration model transfer between bioreactors. Models have been developed for the two key analytes: glucose and lactate using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines and using analyte specific information obtained from the feasibility studies. We observe slight model degradation for the multiplexed models in comparison to the conventional (single probe) models, decrease in r^2 values from 89.4% to 88% for glucose whereas for lactate from 92% to 91.8% and a simultaneous increase in the number of factors as the model incorporates the inter-probe variability, nevertheless the models were fit for purpose. The results of this particular application of implementing multiplexed-NIRS to monitor multiple bioreactor vessels are very encouraging, as successful models have been built on-line and validated externally, which proffers the prospect of reducing timelines in monitoring the vessels considerably, and in turn, providing improved control.

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Relationship between sensory analysis and near infrared spectroscopy in Australian Riesling and Chardonnay wines [An article from: Analytica Chimica A

About Relationship between sensory analysis and near infrared spectroscopy in Australian Riesling and Chardonnay wines [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta] detail

• Published on: 2005-05-10
• Format: HTML
• Binding: Digital

Product Description

This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between sensory analysis and visible and near infrared spectroscopy in two Australian white wine varieties (namely unwooded Chardonnay and Riesling). A total of 120 samples (2 varietiesx3 replicatesx20 commercial labels) were scanned in transmission mode in the visible and near infrared range (400-2500nm). For the purposes of this study four aroma descriptors generated from a sensory descriptive analysis study: estery, honey, passionfruit, lemon-citrus and two palate properties:overall flavour and sweetness were selected for investigation. Calibration models between sensory properties and spectra were developed using partial least squares regression (PLS1 and PLS2) with cross validation. The correlation coefficients (R"c"a"l) were greater than 0.70 for estery, lemon and honey, and less than 0.50 for passionfruit, overall flavour and sweetness in both calibration and cross validation. Therefore, this work demonstrates that some relationships between sensory data and both visible and near infrared spectra exists to assess sensory properties in the white wine varieties. Further work will be carried out with a larger set of data including additional sensory properties in different white wine varieties in order to validate the method.

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Visible and Near Infrared Absorption Spectra of Human and Animal Haemoglobin: Determination and Application

About Visible and Near Infrared Absorption Spectra of Human and Animal Haemoglobin: Determination and Application detail

• Amazon Sales Rank: #2106846 in Books
• Published on: 2000-10-01
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Binding: Hardcover
• 368 pages

Product Description

The bright colour of haemoglobin has, from the very beginning, played a significant role in both the investigation of this compound as well as in the study of blood oxygen transport. Numerous optical methods have been developed for measuring haemoglobin concentration, oxygen saturation, and the principal dyshaemoglobins in vitro as well as in vivo. Modern applications include pulse oximeters, fibre optic oximeters, multiwavelength haemoglobin photometers (co-oximeters) and instruments for near infrared spectroscopy in vivo. Knowledge of the light absorption spectra of the common haemoglobin derivatives is a prerequisite for the development and understanding of these techniques. In the 1960s a reference method based on the absorptivity of a single derivative (haemiglobincyanide; HiCN) at a single wavelength (540 nm) was established for measuring the total haemoglobin concentration. Thus an anchor value was provided on which the absorptivity spectra of all other haemoglobin derivatives could be based. This monograph presents absorption spectra and absorptivity data in the wavelength range of 480 to 1000 nm of the major haemoglobin derivatives for human adult and foetal haemoglobin and for haemoglobin of several animals (cow, dog, horse, pig, rat, and adult and foetal sheep). A detailed description of the methods used to acquire these data has been included to allow future investigators to reproduce and expand on the data. The second part of the monograph includes chapters on the principles and development, in historical perspective, of the principal methods for measuring total haemoglobin concentration for two, three, and multi-component analysis of haemoglobin derivatives, and for blood oxygen saturation measurement. Accurate quantitative data pertaining to haemoglobin in human blood are presented, together with a description of methods for measuring haemoglobin oxygen capacity and oxygen affinity. These chapters have been written with a view to foster knowledge and insight concerning the principles, purposes, and limitations of the various methods of all who use these methods in research and patient care. This monograph should be of value and interest to researchers and postgraduates in clinical chemistry, human physiology, comparative physiology, clinical medicine and lab technology.

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Combination of mid- and near-infrared spectroscopy for the [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta]

About Combination of mid- and near-infrared spectroscopy for the [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta] detail

• Published on: 2006-07-07
• Format: HTML
• Binding: Digital
• 7 pages

Product Description

This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
The combination of infrared (MIR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been employed for the determination of important quality parameters of beers, such as original and real extract and alcohol content. A population of 43 samples obtained from the Spanish market and including different types of beer, was evaluated. For each technique, spectra were obtained in triplicate. In the case of NIR a 1mm pathlength quartz flow cell was used, whereas attenuated total reflectance measurements were used in MIR. Cluster hierarchical analysis was employed to select calibration and validation data sets. The calibration set was composed of 15 samples, thus leaving 28 for validation. A critical evaluation of the prediction capability of multivariate methods established from the combination of NIR and MIR spectra was made. Partial least squares (PLS) and artificial neural networks (ANN) were evaluated for the treatment of data obtained in each individual technique and the combination of both. Different parameters of each methodology were optimized. A slightly better predictive performance was obtained for NIR-MIR combined spectra, and in all the cases ANN performs better than PLS, which may be interpreted from the existence of some non-linearity in the data. The root-mean-sqare-error of prediction (RMSEP) values obtained for the combined NIR-MIR spectra for the determination of real extract, original extract and ethanol were 0.076% w/w, 0.14% w/w and 0.091% v/v.

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Permeation Studies of PVC Pipes with Near Infrared Spectroscopy: Using NIRS to Track Permeation and Predict Future Permeation Susceptibility

About Permeation Studies of PVC Pipes with Near Infrared Spectroscopy: Using NIRS to Track Permeation and Predict Future Permeation Susceptibility detail

• Published on: 2008-10-02
• Released on: 2008-10-02
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Binding: Paperback
• 96 pages

Product Description

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is commonly used for drinking water pipes. Although PVC is resistant to natural environmental conditions, organic solvents may attack the pipe wall causing swelling, softening, water lines failure and drinking water pollution. Permeation is linked to underground storage tanks and random accidental spills of organic solvents or fuel derivates. Although rare, several cases have been reported. The aim for this research was developing new laboratory methods for permeation testing and helping pipe companies in assessing about pipe selection in zones of high risk. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRs) was selected as the methodology. NIR is already used in both organic solvents and polymer fields for both discriminative and quantitative analysis of organic compounds. The objective of the first study was to track the permeation of PVC pipes by two major organic solvents (toluene and benzene) at different concentrations developing partial least squares (PLS) calibrations. The second study lead to the correlation of the pipe permeation susceptibility in pure toluene to the pipe spectra usinglocally weighted regression (LWR).

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An empirical investigation of cross-sensor relationships of NDVI and red/near-infrared reflectance using EO-1 Hyperion data [An article from: Remote S

About An empirical investigation of cross-sensor relationships of NDVI and red/near-infrared reflectance using EO-1 Hyperion data [An article from: Remote Sensing of Environment] detail

• Format: HTML
• Binding: Digital

Product Description

This digital document is a journal article from Remote Sensing of Environment, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Long term observations of global vegetation from multiple satellites require much effort to ensure continuity and compatibility due to differences in sensor characteristics and product generation algorithms. In this study, we focused on the bandpass filter differences and empirically investigated cross-sensor relationships of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and reflectance. The specific objectives were: 1) to understand the systematic trends in cross-sensor relationships of the NDVI and reflectance as a function of spectral bandpasses, 2) to examine/identify the relative importance of the spectral features (i.e., the green peak, red edge, and leaf liquid water absorption regions) in and the mechanism(s) of causing the observed systematic trends, and 3) to evaluate the performance of several empirical cross-calibration methods in modeling the observed systematic trends. A Level 1A Hyperion hyperspectral image acquired over a tropical forest-savanna transitional region in Brazil was processed to simulate atmospherically corrected reflectances and NDVI for various bandpasses, including Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), NOAA-14 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), and Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). Data were extracted from various land cover types typically found in tropical forest and savanna biomes and used for analyses. Both NDVI and reflectance relationships among the sensors were neither linear nor unique and were found to exhibit complex patterns and bandpass dependencies. The reflectance relationships showed strong land cover dependencies. The NDVI relationships, in contrast, did not show land cover dependencies, but resulted in nonlinear forms. From sensitivity analyses, the green peak (~550 nm) and red-NIR transitional (680-780 nm) features were identified as the key factors in producing the observed land cover dependencies and nonlinearity in cross-sensor relationships. In particular, differences in the extents to which the red and/or NIR bandpasses included these features significantly influenced the forms and degrees of nonlinearity in the relationships. Translation of MODIS NDVI to ''AVHRR-like'' NDVI using a weighted average of MODIS green and red bands performed very poorly, resulting in no reduction of overall discrepancy between MODIS and AVHRR NDVI. Cross-calibration of NDVI and reflectance using NDVI-based quadratic functions performed well, reducing their differences to +/-.025 units for the NDVI and +/-.01 units for the reflectances; however, many of the translation results suffered from bias errors. The present results suggest that distinct translation equations and coefficients need to be developed for every sensor pairs and that land cover-dependency need to be explicitly accounted for to reduce bias errors.

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